Latest Articles in icu
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On-Demand Chest X-Ray Ordering in the ICU: Prescribing Efficacy
Eliminating Redundant Chest Radiology It is common for patients in the ICU, particularly those who are mechanically ventilated, to have daily routine chest radiographs in an attempt to find relevant abnormalities that would otherwise remain undetected. A large study by Graat and colleagues evaluated the clinical value of 2,457 routine CXRs in a combined...
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Intensive Care Medicine in Portugal: Responding to Changes
The economic crisis in Portugal has forced the Government to impose major budget cuts in the National Health Service, and although the level of care for critically ill patients until now has remained adequate, intensive care medicine in the country is feeling limitations. Overview Since the first intensive care unit (ICU) to be established in...
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Gender
Even in a world full of innovation, developments and advanced intensive care medicine, there are areas and issues within the realm of critical care that are overlooked, at least on a comprehensive scale. As more studies and research projects are completed, and new experiences and knowledge are shared across the speciality, the quality and standard...
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European STEMI Guidelines Emphasise Care Coordination
The European Society of Cardiology (ESC) guidelines for the management of patients with acute ST elevation MI (STEMI) anticipate spurring efforts to improve the speed and efficiency of STEMI care in Europe. The new recommendations, which were announced at the European Society of Cardiology 2012 Congress on 26 August, suggest a new standard...
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Sex in the ICU: Eliminating Gender-Based Disparities in Care
The time has come to apply a sex and gender lens to quality improvement in ICU care, considering not just biological differences but also potential gender bias from decision makers, among other factors. The authors of this article explore the current context of quality standards and indicators, and assess how access, quality and outcomes across genders...
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Optimal Nutrition in Intensive Care: Does Gender Matter?
Several gender differences relate to optimal nutrition in intensive care. We describe these differences and their hypothetical implications for the patient. Introduction Nutrition therapy is an integral and important part of therapy in the intensive care unit (ICU). Malnutrition leads to more complications, more infections, longer...
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Peri Operative Nutrition in Upper Gastrointestinal Cancer Patients
Malnutrition is frequently observed in upper gastrointestinal cancer surgical patients; it is an independent predictor of postoperative morbidity and mortality and leads to both increased length of hospital stay and hospital costs. Consequently, every effort should be made to apply nutritional support, including both standard enteral nutrition...
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Proper Use of Vasopressors in Septic Shock
Introduction Several factors contribute to organ dysfunction in septic shock patients, and once the inflammatory response has been activated, many organ systems can be adversely affected. A marked fall in systemic vascular resistance results from arterial and venous dilatation. This is accompanied by leakage of plasma into the extravascular...
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Ventilator Associated Pneumonia: Breaking the Bridge
In this article we look at strategies for preventing lower airway colonisation, focusing on the factor that is widely-believed to be the main culprit forventilator associated pneumonia (VAP) development: the endotracheal tube (ETT). VAP and its Pathogenesis Ventilator associated pneumonia, defined as occurrence of pneumonia...
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The Portuguese Healthcare System: Universal and Comprehensive
Located in the south-west of Europe, with a mainland area of 91,900 km², along with the archipelagos of Açores and Madeira, Portugal is a developed country with a lot to offer, including a health system with many strengths. Amid the economic crisis and an ageing population, however, the country is facing problems in this sector. In response to...
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