Maintaining proper cerebral oxygen delivery is crucial for preventing secondary ischaemic injury in patients with acute brain injuries (ABI). Arterial carbon dioxide tension (PaCO₂) significantly...
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In ICUs, extubation decisions are challenging, as 20-30% of patients experience post-extubation respiratory failure, with 10-15% requiring reintubation. Reintubation has high mortality rates and...
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Survival rates in intensive care have improved, but about 20% of ICU survivors develop post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), which often goes undiagnosed and can severely impact quality of life,...
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Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is a common healthcare-associated infection in ICUs, linked to increased mortality, longer mechanical ventilation, and extended ICU stays. Diagnostic criteria...
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Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is classified into mild, moderate, and severe categories, with severe TBI (defined by a Glasgow Coma Scale ≤8) being the leading cause of hospitalisation, disability,...
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Enteral nutrition delivers essential nutrients to treat or prevent disease-related malnutrition in critically ill patients. This malnutrition, influenced by poor intake and inflammation, can impact...
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Non-traumatic subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) is a significant cause of death and disability globally, with an incidence of around 6 per 100,000 person-years. The initial treatment focuses on early...
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Acute-on-chronic liver failure is a serious syndrome characterised by the development of organ failure following an acute hepatic insult and is associated with high short-term mortality rates. Plasma
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Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a significant global health threat, hindering the prevention and treatment of infections caused by bacteria, parasites, viruses, and fungi. Antibiotic-resistant...
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Tracheal intubation (TI) is a critical procedure used in emergency departments (EDs) and ICUs worldwide, though it carries significant risks, especially in resource-limited settings. Major adverse...
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